Constructed on the site of what was once a grand Mamluk palace, parts of the existing structure of the Palace of Justice date back to the early Ottoman Period.

The existing building was last renovated in 1850 and used as army barracks by the Ottomans.

Prior to the First World War, Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany stayed in it and met with Ottoman military officers.

During the French Mandate, the building became the headquarters of the French High Commission.

Today, the Palace of Justice houses many courts of the Syrian judiciary system.